Article: Unveiling the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants Journal: International Journal of Intelligent Enterprise (IJIE) 2025 Vol.12 No.1 pp.42 - 60 Abstract: The global coronavirus pandemic has profoundly impacted populations worldwide, leading to widespread illness and mortality. In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak a global emergency and issued medical guidelines to mitigate the virus's spread. The pharmaceutical industry, educational sectors, and various governments have united in an unprecedented effort to develop and test multiple vaccines swiftly, aiming to control the pandemic and restore global stability. Companies such as Pfizer, Moderna, and GlaxoSmithKline have successfully developed vaccines. However, the SARS-CoV-2 virus mutates, leading to new variants that differ from the original strain, as is typical with viruses. Recent findings indicate that three new coronavirus variants found in several countries may be more severe, evade the immune system better, and show a reduced response to neutralising antibodies. This situation poses a challenge for communicators who must accurately convey the risks and benefits, promote continued caution among vaccinated individuals, and maintain trust in public health measures. Despite the mutations, protection against severe forms of the disease remains robust. Inderscience Publishers - linking academia, business and industry through research

Title: Unveiling the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants

Authors: Haldhar Sharma; Ankur Saxena; Sunil Mishra; Mukesh Porwal; Devendra Kumar Pandey

Addresses: Department of Commerce, Medi-Caps University, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India ' Department of Management, Sanjeev Agrawal Global Educational (SAGE) University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India ' Department of Management Studies, Medi-Caps University, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India ' Department of Management Studies, Medi-Caps University, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India ' Department of Management Studies, Medi-Caps University, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India

Abstract: The global coronavirus pandemic has profoundly impacted populations worldwide, leading to widespread illness and mortality. In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak a global emergency and issued medical guidelines to mitigate the virus's spread. The pharmaceutical industry, educational sectors, and various governments have united in an unprecedented effort to develop and test multiple vaccines swiftly, aiming to control the pandemic and restore global stability. Companies such as Pfizer, Moderna, and GlaxoSmithKline have successfully developed vaccines. However, the SARS-CoV-2 virus mutates, leading to new variants that differ from the original strain, as is typical with viruses. Recent findings indicate that three new coronavirus variants found in several countries may be more severe, evade the immune system better, and show a reduced response to neutralising antibodies. This situation poses a challenge for communicators who must accurately convey the risks and benefits, promote continued caution among vaccinated individuals, and maintain trust in public health measures. Despite the mutations, protection against severe forms of the disease remains robust.

Keywords: concerning SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19 vaccinations; cell-based protection; epidemic coronavirus variants of COVID-19; antibody reactivity; sequencing tracking; vaccine effectiveness.

DOI: 10.1504/IJIE.2025.143443

International Journal of Intelligent Enterprise, 2025 Vol.12 No.1, pp.42 - 60

Received: 12 Oct 2023
Accepted: 30 Jul 2024
Published online: 20 Dec 2024 *

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Title: Unveiling the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants

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