Title: Biomass as an alternative solution to energy production and reduction of the greenhouse gas emissions: a review

Authors: Hafida Abouallal; Ayoub Najah El Idrissi; Nadia Dkhireche; Mohammed Ebn Touhami

Addresses: Laboratory of Advanced Material, Engineering Process, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, University Campus, P.O. Box 242, Kenitra, Morocco ' Advanced Systems – Engineering Laboratory, National School of Applied Science, Ibn Tofail University, University Campus, P.O. Box 242, Kenitra, Morocco ' Laboratory of Advanced Material, Engineering Process, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, University Campus, P.O. Box 242, Kenitra, Morocco ' Laboratory of Advanced Material, Engineering Process, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, University Campus, P.O. Box 242, Kenitra, Morocco

Abstract: The increase in population and the expansion of transportation, agriculture, and industry drive the need for energy, leading to a reliance on fossil fuels as the primary energy source. This reliance results in heightened greenhouse gas emissions and environmental damage. To address this, efforts have been made to harness the diverse range of available biomass for energy production, including gas, heat, and electricity through various conversion methods. This article explores the global availability of biomass for energy production, current energy consumption and production trends, biomass classifications and sources, conversion techniques, challenges hindering biomass implementation, and the potential of biomass as an alternative energy source alongside wind, geothermal, and hydroelectric power to eventually replace fossil fuels. The analysis indicates that biomass holds promise for energy generation and can complement other renewable resources in transitioning away from fossil fuels.

Keywords: biomass availability; energy conversion methods; biomass barriers; biomass energy production.

DOI: 10.1504/IJPEC.2025.142878

International Journal of Power and Energy Conversion, 2025 Vol.16 No.1, pp.78 - 99

Received: 28 Dec 2023
Accepted: 04 Apr 2024
Published online: 30 Nov 2024 *