Title: Structural properties of green synthesised ZnO nanocrystalline powder using Morinda citrifolia (noni) fruit: effect of extract concentration variation

Authors: Eric Kwabena Droepenu

Addresses: Department of Water Resources and Aquaculture Management, School of Sustainable Development, University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Eastern Region, Ghana; Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, All Nations University, Koforidua, Eastern Region, Ghana

Abstract: The current study developed an environmental friendly approach to the synthesis of nanocrystalline zinc oxide (ZnO) samples using fruit extracts of Morinda citrifolia (noni) as green reducing agents. It further investigated the influence of extract concentration variation in the green synthesis of noni-mediated ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) on their structural properties. UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used as characterisation techniques in analysing the fabricated ZnO NPs. Strong optical absorption peaks of ZnO NPs were identified at 374.4, 365.4, and 361.8 nm for extract concentration ratios of 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 respectively. The XRD patterns revealed highly pure crystalline nature with crystallite average size of 18.47 nm. The morphology of the synthesised sample revealed spherical shaped structures with average grain size that decreased (9.06-23.67) with increasing extract concentration ratios. These findings demonstrated that the green synthesised ZnO NPs could be a potential and suitable material for photocatalysis, antibacterial activity and drug delivery.

Keywords: Morinda citrifolia; cold maceration; green synthesis; nanocrystalline; morphology; lattice indices; agglomeration; crystallite size; lattice strain; dislocation density.

DOI: 10.1504/IJBNN.2024.139362

International Journal of Biomedical Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2024 Vol.5 No.1, pp.66 - 83

Received: 01 Aug 2023
Accepted: 03 Dec 2023
Published online: 01 Jul 2024 *

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