Title: A review on Azadirachta indica (neem) plant mediated biosynthesis, characterisation and antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles

Authors: Christian Kelechi Ezeh; Chibuzor Nwadibe Eze; Marie Uju Esther Dibua; Stephen Chijioke Emencheta

Addresses: Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria ' Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria ' Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria ' Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria

Abstract: The increasing spread of microbial infection and increase in occurrence of pathogens resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents necessitate the quest to develop alternative antimicrobial agents. In this regard, nanoparticles technology has shown enormous potential. Research advances in the field of nanotechnology recently include the fabrication of metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) with prominent antimicrobial action against multiple-resistant pathogens. Recently, the biological synthesis of MNPs using plant based products has garnered much attention because of its competitive benefits including: eco-friendliness, single step processing, benign, non-toxicity, and cost effectiveness. The different bioactive compounds present in the various parts of plants are responsible for the reduction of metallic ions to MNPs and the subsequent capping of the formed particles. Among all the MNPs, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are the most promising nano-product widely used in nanomedicine. The present review describes neem plant facilitated synthesis of silver nanoparticles, characterisation and its antimicrobial activity.

Keywords: Azadirachta indica; silver nanoparticles; phytochemicals; characterisation; antimicrobial activity.

DOI: 10.1504/IJBNN.2024.139351

International Journal of Biomedical Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2024 Vol.5 No.1, pp.15 - 36

Received: 11 Jan 2023
Accepted: 15 Jun 2023
Published online: 01 Jul 2024 *

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