Title: Solid waste management in Makkah: case study

Authors: Sami Goren; Abdulrahman Yahya Almahdawi; Jaber Amen Alqamawi; Ahmad Moubark Alqormati

Addresses: Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering at Al-Lith, Umm Al-Qura University, Corniche Road, Al-Lith Campus, 28434, Al-Lith City, Makkah Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ' Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering at Al-Lith, Umm Al-Qura University, Corniche Road, Al-Lith Campus, 28434, Al-Lith City, Makkah Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ' Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering at Al-Lith, Umm Al-Qura University, Corniche Road, Al-Lith Campus, 28434, Al-Lith City, Makkah Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ' Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering at Al-Lith, Umm Al-Qura University, Corniche Road, Al-Lith Campus, 28434, Al-Lith City, Makkah Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Abstract: This paper describes the solid waste management system in Makkah City by providing data on the population and the amount of waste generated currently and in previous years. Makkah is chosen as a study area due to the reason that, it has the most complicated mass movement of the people. Approximately two million citizens live in Makkah City; however, more than five times of this population, visitors come to this city every year. During the pilgrimage season, six million people come together at the same time on certain days. This causes a great challenge for the Makkah Municipality in maintaining clean and healthy conditions. There is one active landfill area for Makkah City that is maintained by discharging the leachate and removing landfill gas for the safety of the site. The months when the most garbage was collected were explained. Environmental assessment of the current landfill site is also included.

Keywords: solid waste management; waste quantities; waste characterisation; Makkah; landfill gas.

DOI: 10.1504/IJEWM.2023.130725

International Journal of Environment and Waste Management, 2023 Vol.31 No.3, pp.387 - 398

Received: 12 Feb 2020
Accepted: 12 Jul 2020
Published online: 04 May 2023 *

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