Title: Cytological mechanism of nanowire reinforced biological bone cement in the treatment of vertebral osteoporotic fractures

Authors: Sheng Xu; Lihua Xu; Ming Yu; Yongle Mao; Yongguo Chen; Linggao Fang

Addresses: Changshan People's Hospital, Zhejiang, 410005, China ' Changshan People's Hospital, Zhejiang, 410005, China ' Changshan People's Hospital, Zhejiang, 410005, China ' Changshan People's Hospital, Zhejiang, 410005, China ' Changshan People's Hospital, Zhejiang, 410005, China ' Changshan People's Hospital, Zhejiang, 410005, China

Abstract: This study analysed the effects of calcium phosphate cement (CPC) with magnetic composite nanomaterials on the adhesion, proliferation, apoptosis, and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in vitro. In this study, CNTs/Fe₃O₄ composites were prepared using different surfactants, and the best materials were selected through characterisation and analysis and then added to CPC to prepare the magnetic CPC (MCPC). The bone marrow MSCs of rat were selected to be cultured with CPC (CPC group), MCPC (MCPC group), and MCPC under 60 mT static magnetic field (MS group), respectively. Subsequently, the differences in the proliferation, apoptosis, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of MSCs in each group were detected. The results showed that the CNTs/Fe₃O₄ nanomaterials prepared by the combination of sodium acetate + polyethylene glycol 2000 surfactant had excellent properties; MCPC prepared with 9 wt% CNTs/Fe₃O₄ addition had the best stress-strain performance. Compared with the CPC group, the MSCs adhesion rate, proliferation activity, and ALP activity of the MCPC group and the MS group were obviously increased (P < 0.05), while the apoptosis rate was greatly reduced (P < 0.05). In contrast to the MCPC group, MSCs adhesion rate, proliferation activity, and ALP activity in MS group increased greatly (P < 0.05), and cell apoptosis rate was observably decreased (P < 0.05). It showed that CPC with magnetic composite material can promote MSC adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation in vitro and reduce cell apoptosis, and the effect was more obvious under 60 mT static magnetic field. The above results could provide an important cytological mechanism for the treatment of patients with vertebral osteoporotic fracture (VOF).

Keywords: magnetic composite nanomaterials; CPC; calcium phosphate cement; MSC; mesenchymal stem cells; VOF; vertebral osteoporotic fracture.

DOI: 10.1504/IJNT.2022.128949

International Journal of Nanotechnology, 2022 Vol.19 No.6/7/8/9/10/11, pp.470 - 488

Received: 25 Feb 2021
Accepted: 10 May 2021
Published online: 13 Feb 2023 *

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