Title: A comprehensive study of watermarking schemes for 3D polygon mesh objects

Authors: Hitendra Garg

Addresses: Department of Computer Engineering and Applications, GLA University, Mathura, India

Abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) objects have been used in machine design, architecture design, entertainment, cultural heritage, medical field, etc. during the last two decades. Increasing trends of 3D objects attract the researcher, academician, and industry persons for various processing operations on 3D objects. Extensive growth in specific areas requires intellectual property rights protection and authentication problems. The proposed survey paper provides a comprehensive study of various watermarking solution for 3D polygon mesh objects (3D PMO). This comprehensive survey includes an introduction, strength, and limitations to the relevant state of the art. The proposed study writes down various problems encountered, and their respective solution suggested in various state-of-art. The robustness of various algorithms is also studied against various attacks applied to watermarked models. Lastly, future scope and new directions for the robustness and optimisation of watermarks on various parameters are suggested.

Keywords: 3D object; polygon mesh; robust watermarking; fragile watermarking; attacks; spatial domain; transform frequency domain.

DOI: 10.1504/IJICS.2022.126753

International Journal of Information and Computer Security, 2022 Vol.19 No.1/2, pp.48 - 72

Received: 09 Mar 2020
Accepted: 28 Nov 2020
Published online: 04 Nov 2022 *

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