Title: Factors affecting the turnover intentions and affective commitment of employees in the pharmaceutical industry of Pakistan: the role of psychological contract

Authors: Muhammad Younas Khan; Shakira Huma Siddiqui; Hira Salah Ud Din Khan

Addresses: Faculty of Management Science, Capital University of Science and Technology (CUST), Islamabad, Pakistan ' Department of Applied Psychology, NUML University Islamabad, Pakistan ' School of Management, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China

Abstract: This study assessed the impact of supervisor feedback, employee participation, supervisor-subordinate guanxi on turnover intention, and affective commitment. Moreover, the mediating role of psychological contract was analysed in the link mentioned above by employing reasoned action theory. Data was collected through purposive sampling method from 245 employees by distributing surveys in six private pharmaceuticals companies in Islamabad, Pakistan. Results showed that supervisor feedback, employee participation and supervisor-subordinate guanxi are significantly related to turnover intention and affective commitment. Furthermore, the findings revealed that psychological contract mediates the link between supervisor feedback, employee participation, supervisor-subordinate guanxi and turnover intention and affective commitment. This study contributes to the literature by investigating the direct impact of supervisor feedback, employee participation and supervisor-subordinate guanxi and the indirect effect of psychological contract on turnover intentions and affective commitment in the pharmaceutical industry of Pakistan. The limitations, implications, and future recommendations of the study are also discussed.

Keywords: employee participation; supervisor-subordinate guanxi; SSG; supervisor feedback; psychological contract; turnover intention; affective commitment.

DOI: 10.1504/IJMP.2022.121149

International Journal of Management Practice, 2022 Vol.15 No.2, pp.159 - 174

Received: 28 May 2020
Accepted: 18 Jan 2021
Published online: 28 Feb 2022 *

Full-text access for editors Full-text access for subscribers Purchase this article Comment on this article