Title: What are the roles of population, economy, and energy on CO₂ emissions in Henan in China

Authors: Xuyi Liu; Shun Zhang

Addresses: School of Business, Luoyang Normal University, Henan, China; Research Center for the Belt and Road, Luoyang Normal University, Henan, China ' School of Business, Luoyang Normal University, Henan, China; Research Center for Regional Economic Cooperation and Development, Luoyang Normal University, Henan, China

Abstract: This study aims to investigate the influence of population size, economic growth, energy intensity, CO₂ intensity on CO₂ emissions, and environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis based on Kaya identity and stochastic impacts by regression on population, affluence and technology (STIRPAT) model in Henan Province in China. Unit root test indicates that each time series data is stationary in first difference. Three co-integration tests suggest that the selected model is co-integrated. Short and long-run estimates, based on the autoregressive distributed lag method, support the EKC hypothesis. Population size may lead to the reduction of emissions, while energy intensity and CO₂ intensity can increase the emissions. Based on the vector error correction model, the findings of Granger causal linkages between the selected time series data are mixed. Based on empirical results, some policy implications are given to policymakers.

Keywords: environmental Kuznets curve; EKC; autoregressive distributed lag; ARDL; energy intensity; economic growth; CO₂ emissions; Kaya; population; co-integration; STIRPAT; vector error correction model; VECM; China.

DOI: 10.1504/IJGW.2021.10040733

International Journal of Global Warming, 2021 Vol.25 No.1, pp.100 - 122

Received: 28 Jul 2020
Accepted: 12 Jan 2021
Published online: 06 Sep 2021 *

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