Title: Dynamics of accumulating pollutants and essential elements in the process of plant growth and development

Authors: G.I. Churilov; D.G. Churilov; A.A. Nazarova; S.D. Polischuk; V.V. Churilova; S.N. Borychev; N.V. Byshov

Addresses: Department of General and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026, Ryazan, Russia ' Department of Metal Technology and Machine Repair, Ryazan State Agrotechnological University, 390044, Ryazan, Russia ' Department of Chemistry, Ryazan State Agrotechnological University, 390044, Ryazan, Russia ' Department of Chemistry, Ryazan State Agrotechnological University, 390044, Ryazan, Russia ' Department of Chemistry, Ryazan State Agrotechnological University, 390044, Ryazan, Russia ' Department of Construction Engineering and Structures Mechanics, Ryazan State Agrotechnological University, 390044, Ryazan, Russia ' Department of Maintenance of Machines and Tractors Fleet, Ryazan State Agrotechnological University, 390044, Ryazan, Russia

Abstract: The existing problems in the field of using nanomaterials in biological objects are associated with several factors, including: (1) the lack of a clear mechanism of the impact of nanoparticles on living objects; (2) some difficulties with the visualisation and determination of the kinetics of migration of nanoparticles in biological fluids, tissues, organs and in the body as a whole; (3) lack of knowledge of the ecological safety of nanomaterials. The earlier information on the properties of nanomaterials includes data on the physical-chemical, molecular-biological, cytological, physiological, toxicological, and environmental characteristics of nanomaterials. The toxicological characteristics and ecological safety of biologically active preparations based on nanopowders of iron, cobalt, and copper were studied. It was shown that the investigated iron, copper and cobalt nanoparticles accumulate neither in the soil (after seeds pretreatment) nor in plants and vegetables. However, in the process of plant growth and development, the content of certain metals varies significantly. During the growing season, the amount of pollutants and essential metals was determined both in the herbage and seeds of experimental plants in different phases of vegetation. Evaluating the ability of nanoparticles to accumulate in higher plants and predicting their possible remote toxic effects took place with the help of light and analytical electron microscopy.

Keywords: nanoparticles; safety; ecology; pollutants; wheat; corn; sunflower; analytical electron microscopy.

DOI: 10.1504/IJNT.2019.102391

International Journal of Nanotechnology, 2019 Vol.16 No.1/2/3, pp.42 - 59

Published online: 23 Sep 2019 *

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