Title: Mechanosensitivity response of epithelial HT29 cells on titanium dioxide nanotube array surface via CK8 protein expression

Authors: Rabiatul Basria S.M.N. Mydin; Srimala Sreekantan; Roshasnorlyza Hazan; Ekhlas Qaid Qazem; Mustafa Fadzil Farid Wajidi

Addresses: Oncological and Radiological Sciences Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia ' School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia ' Materials Technology Group, Industrial Technology Division, Nuclear Malaysia Agency, Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia ' Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hodaidah University, Hodaidah, Yemen ' School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia

Abstract: Titanium dioxide nanotube arrays (TNA) have been proposed as novel nanosurface modifications for biomaterial implants and nanomedicine applications. However, the molecular mechanisms of cell-TNA mechanosensitivity are poorly understood. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of cell-TNA mechanosensitivity activity via cytokeratin (CK) protein marker. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) characterisation was conducted on TNA with epithelial HT29 cells. The CK protein marker was also analysed using immunofluorescent staining and immunoblotting techniques. FESEM results showed that cells grown on TNA exhibited enhanced cytoplasmic extension and spreading characteristics. Furthermore, the cell interaction with TNA nanosurface showed high CK8 expression, thereby indicating the clustering or aggregation of the cytoskeleton proteins. Findings suggested that epithelial HT29 cells on TNA nanotopography may involve cytoskeleton mechanosensitivity response for cellular adaptation activity.

Keywords: cellular interaction with nano-topography; titanium dioxide nanotube arrays; titania nanotube arrays; TNA; cytoskeleton reorganisation; cytokeratin protein; bioengineered nanomaterials; mechanosensitivity.

DOI: 10.1504/IJNBM.2019.101756

International Journal of Nano and Biomaterials, 2019 Vol.8 No.2, pp.118 - 128

Received: 02 Jan 2018
Accepted: 20 Jul 2018
Published online: 26 Aug 2019 *

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