Title: Geographic opportunistic routing protocol based on two-hop information for wireless sensor networks

Authors: Venkatesh; L. Akshay Achar; P. Kushal; K.R. Venugopal

Addresses: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University Visvesvaraya College of Engineering, Bangalore University, Bangalore 560 001, India ' Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University Visvesvaraya College of Engineering, Bangalore University, Bangalore 560 001, India ' Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University Visvesvaraya College of Engineering, Bangalore University, Bangalore 560 001, India ' Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University Visvesvaraya College of Engineering, Bangalore University, Bangalore 560 001, India

Abstract: To improve energy efficiency and packet delivery ratio in WSNs. We propose a two-hop geographic opportunistic routing (THGOR) protocol that selects a subset of 2-hop neighbours of node which have higher packet reception ratio and residual energy as the next forwarder node, it also selects 1-hop neighbours that have excellent coverage of 2-hop neighbours as relay nodes. The proposed protocol is compared with geographic opportunistic routing (GOR) and efficient QoS-aware geographic opportunistic (EQGOR). GOR and EQGOR select a forwarding sensor node on the basis of distance. However, GOR and EQGOR results in lower packet delivery rate, and quick depletion of energy. The THGOR is comprehensively evaluated through NS-2 and compared results with EQGOR and GOR. Simulation results show that THGOR significant improvement in packet advancement, reliable transmission, energy efficiency and optimises packet transmission delay.

Keywords: two-hop packet progress; geographic opportunistic routing; GOR; media delay; packet reception ratio; inclination angle; forwarding node; residual energy; reliable transmission; delay.

DOI: 10.1504/IJCNDS.2019.100643

International Journal of Communication Networks and Distributed Systems, 2019 Vol.23 No.1, pp.93 - 116

Received: 26 Apr 2017
Accepted: 23 Mar 2018
Published online: 06 Jul 2019 *

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