Title: A mobile task offloading cluster framework based on resource clustering and heartbeat mechanism

Authors: Wentao Li; Songquan Zhu; Qinglei Qi; Jie Zhao; Cong Zhao

Addresses: School of Artificial Intelligence and Software Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Henan, Nanyang, China ' School of Artificial Intelligence and Software Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Henan, Nanyang, China ' School of Artificial Intelligence and Software Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Henan, Nanyang, China ' School of Artificial Intelligence and Software Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Henan, Nanyang, China ' School of Artificial Intelligence and Software Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Henan, Nanyang, China

Abstract: The rapid proliferation and high dynamism of heterogeneous mobile devices challenge traditional offloading methods, which struggle with resource volatility and frequent node changes. To address these issues, this paper proposes a Mobile Task Offloading Cluster (MTOC) framework that integrates resource clustering analysis with heartbeat monitoring. The framework designates a mobile device, referred to as the control node, to dynamically select nearby workers, employs clustering techniques to characterise and predict real-time resource states, and introduces an interference-aware Quality of Service (QoS) model for evaluating both computation and communication delays. Furthermore, a cosine similarity-based state recognition and dynamic task allocation strategy mitigates execution interference in complex scenarios. To enhance robustness, a heuristic online task recovery mechanism leverages periodic heartbeat signals to anticipate failures and reallocate workloads. Experimental results demonstrate that MTOC achieves adaptive scheduling in heterogeneous environments, ensuring reliable, efficient, and stable task execution while significantly improving resource utilisation.

Keywords: mobile task offloading; resource clustering; dynamic scheduling; task allocation; mobile computing.

DOI: 10.1504/IJWMC.2026.155342

International Journal of Wireless and Mobile Computing, 2026 Vol.31 No.1, pp.65 - 78

Received: 31 Aug 2025
Accepted: 04 Dec 2025
Published online: 30 Jul 2026 *

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