Title: The urgency of artificial intelligence regulation and its relation to intellectual property regulation in Indonesia

Authors: Ahmad M. Ramli; Tasya Safiranita; Sigid Suseno; Ranti Fauza Mayana; Muhammad Rifqi Hariri; Mochammad Aditia Gustawinata; Ramalinggam Rajamanickam

Addresses: Faculty of Law, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia ' Faculty of Law, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia ' Faculty of Law, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia ' Faculty of Law, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia ' Faculty of Law, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia ' Faculty of Law, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia ' Faculty of Law, Multimedia University (MMU), Malaysia

Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) plays a pivotal role in modern society, enhancing efficiency and innovation, but also poses legal risks, including output hallucinations, deepfake misuse, and intellectual property (IP) disputes. A key legal debate revolves around whether AI can be a subject of IP rights, such as a patent inventor or copyright creator - a notion rejected by courts in several jurisdictions, including Indonesia. This study employs a normative juridical method with a descriptive-analytical approach to examine global AI regulatory frameworks and their applicability to Indonesia. The findings highlight the need for AI regulations emphasising accountability, transparency, and standardisation, alongside public education and cross-sector collaboration. The study recommends that Indonesia accelerate AI-specific legislation, focusing on data quality, human oversight, and ethical governance to support industry growth while ensuring a human-centred approach.

Keywords: artificial intelligence; intellectual property; regulation; Indonesia.

DOI: 10.1504/IJIPM.2026.155223

International Journal of Intellectual Property Management, 2026 Vol.16 No.4, pp.425 - 445

Received: 16 May 2025
Accepted: 31 Aug 2025
Published online: 29 Jul 2026 *

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