Title: Design of microstrip antenna using ISM band for WBAN devices

Authors: S. Ashok Kumar; T. Shanmuganantham; D. Sindhanaiselvi; N. Sudhakar Reddy

Addresses: United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE ' Department of Electronics Engineering, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Pondicherry, 605014, India ' Puducherry Technological University, Pillaichavadi, Pondicherry, 605014, India ' Mohan Babu University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, 517102, India

Abstract: The advancement in body area network (BAN) was started in 1995 for the idea of combining wireless personal area network (WPAN) with wireless body area network (WBAN) which can be implemented to communicate near and around the human body. Initially, industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band was allocated to industries, scientific researches and medical field researches, but later, it have been allowed to use in applications such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Cordless phone, etc. For the above mentioned applications, the antennas such as microstrip patch antenna, helical antenna, dielectric patch antenna, etc. have been used. Since microstrip patch antenna is compact in size and weight, they have become dominant in this field. This antenna is designed on 36 × 28 mm³ sheet of FR-4 substrate material. A wide bandwidth of 400 MHz can withstand the detuning effect caused by body posture and movement. The effect of electromagnetic radiation on free space is analysed. The radiation gain, VSWR and return loss are also measured for analysing the antenna design and making the antenna, a good component for wearable devices.

Keywords: wireless body area network; WBAN; ISM band; microstrip patch antenna; gain; wearable devices; body area network; BAN; wireless personal area network; WPAN.

DOI: 10.1504/IJESMS.2026.155154

International Journal of Engineering Systems Modelling and Simulation, 2026 Vol.17 No.4, pp.251 - 255

Accepted: 06 Feb 2025
Published online: 28 Jul 2026 *

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