Title: Recent developments in the synthesis and conversion of nanomaterials for nanoencapsulation: techniques, applications, and prospects

Authors: Mohamed Jghaoui; Khalil Azzaoui; Hamid Amsil; Abdessamad Didi; Belkheir Hammouti; Larbi Rhazi; Solhe F. Alshahateet; Salah A. Al-Trawneh; Rakan M. Altarawneh; Aleksandar Széchenyi; Mustapha Taleb; Rachid Sabbahi

Addresses: Laboratory of Engineering, Electrochemistry, Modelling and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco ' Engineering Laboratory of Organometallic, Molecular Materials and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, 30000 Fez, Morocco; Laboratory of Industrial Engineering, Energy and the Environment (LI3E), SUPMTI, Rabat, Morocco ' National Center for Nuclear Energy, Sciences and Technology (CNESTEN), Rabat, Morocco ' National Center for Nuclear Energy, Sciences and Technology (CNESTEN), Rabat, Morocco ' Euromed University of Fes, UEMF, Fez, Morocco ' Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, Université d'Artois, ULR 7519, 19 rue Pierre Waguet, BP 30313, 60026, Beauvais, France ' Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mutah University, P.O. Box 7, Al-Karak 61710, Jordan ' Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mutah University, P.O. Box 7, Al-Karak 61710, Jordan ' Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mutah University, P.O. Box 7, Al-Karak 61710, Jordan ' Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; Green Chemistry Research Group, János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 20, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary ' Laboratory of Engineering, Electrochemistry, Modelling and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco ' Research Team in Science and Technology, Higher School of Technology, Ibn Zohr University, P.O. Box 3007, Laayoune, Morocco

Abstract: Nanoencapsulation involves entrapping bioactive compounds, such as nutrients or food additives, within nano-sized delivery systems. This technology offers numerous advantages, including enhanced stability and bioavailability of encapsulated materials, controlled release properties, catalysts for energy production, energy insulation and conservation, improvement of batteries, solar energy conversion, storage energy, and the ability to mask undesirable flavours or odours. Given these benefits, nanoencapsulation has become increasingly crucial for encapsulating various bioactive food constituents in the food industry. These review paper overviews the critical materials utilised for nanoencapsulation, including biopolymers, synthetic polymers, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and biominerals. We mainly focus on MOFs, an emerging class of nanocarriers known for their high porosity, tunable structures, and versatile functionalities. The synthesis and physicochemical properties of MOFs that make them well-suited for nanoencapsulation applications are discussed. Additionally, this review highlights current and prospective applications of nanoencapsulation across sectors like foods, cosmetics, biotechnology, and energy storage. Overall, this comprehensive assessment underscores the critical role of nanoencapsulation in preserving bioactive components while presenting opportunities to enhance product functionality through controlled delivery.

Keywords: nanoencapsulation; nanocarriers; metal-organic frameworks; MOFs; nanotechnology; bioactive compounds; biominerals; nanoparticles; energy storage.

DOI: 10.1504/IJPEC.2026.155137

International Journal of Power and Energy Conversion, 2026 Vol.17 No.3, pp.214 - 256

Received: 02 Sep 2024
Accepted: 27 Oct 2024
Published online: 28 Jul 2026 *

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