Title: Threads of growth: business networks and internationalisation strategies of low-tech South Asian entrepreneurial firms

Authors: Suhail M. Ghouse; Glauco De Vita; Jason Begley

Addresses: Department of Marketing and Entrepreneurship, College of Commerce and Business Administration, Dhofar University, Salalah-211, Oman ' Centre for Resilient Business and Society, Coventry University, Jaguar Building, Coventry, CV1 5DL, UK ' Centre for Resilient Business and Society, Coventry University, Jaguar Building, Coventry, CV1 5DL, UK

Abstract: Limited resources, institutional voids, and market entry barriers often constrain the internationalisation of low-tech SMEs in emerging markets. This study examines how South Asian handicraft exporters navigate these challenges by leveraging formal and informal business networks. Using a qualitative case study approach, insights from six firms reveal a dual networking strategy; firms maintain stable relationships during economic stability while actively expanding networks when entering new markets, balancing risk with opportunity. The findings highlight cultural intelligence, entrepreneurial adaptability, and digital networking as key enablers of global market access. However, competitive mistrust, resource hoarding, and the absence of collaborative frameworks hinder innovation and limit SME cooperation. This study contributes to network theory by illustrating how low-tech firms strategically build and adapt business relationships to overcome internationalisation constraints. The research suggests that entrepreneurs should integrate traditional networking methods with digital platforms, while policymakers must foster industry-wide collaborations to enhance global competitiveness.

Keywords: entrepreneur; internationalisation; artisans; international entrepreneurship; India.

DOI: 10.1504/JIBED.2026.155049

Journal for International Business and Entrepreneurship Development, 2026 Vol.18 No.1, pp.30 - 58

Received: 19 Jul 2025
Accepted: 13 Jan 2026
Published online: 24 Jul 2026 *

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