Article: Circular supply chain and sustainable performance: evidence from chemical industry in Pakistan Journal: International Journal of Business Performance Management (IJBPM) 2026 Vol.27 No.4 pp.409 - 432 Abstract: This research aims to determine the impact of circular supply chain management (CSCM) practices on the sustainable performance of the chemical industry in Pakistan, focusing environmental, social, and economic (ESE) aspects. The study applied a survey questionnaire approach, and structured questionnaires based on a five-point Likert scale. Data was gathered from 298 respondents of chemical companies listed on the Pakistan security market and was analysed using SMART-PLS through linear regression statistics. The statistical findings proved the significant positive impact of reverse logistics, remanufacturing, and resource efficiency, on the ESE sustainable performance of the chemical sector in Pakistan. Companies' operational managers, practitioners, and decision-makers can consider CSCM practices for optimal utilisation of resources to improve sustainable performance. The study limits the generalisability of results, focusing on specific sectors and cross-sectional studies. Repetitive linear regression shows methodology constraints. The study modifies the resource-based view by indicating that CSCM strategies are valuable for sustainable performance. Inderscience Publishers - linking academia, business and industry through research

Title: Circular supply chain and sustainable performance: evidence from chemical industry in Pakistan

Authors: Asima Saleem; Maleeha Mansoor; Ammara Sarwar; Muhammad Hassan Khan

Addresses: Bahria University, Shangrilla Rd, E-8, Islamabad, Pakistan ' Bahria University, Shangrilla Rd, E-8, Islamabad, Pakistan ' University of Lahore, Sargodha, Pakistan ' Bahria University, Shangrilla Rd, E-8, Islamabad, Pakistan

Abstract: This research aims to determine the impact of circular supply chain management (CSCM) practices on the sustainable performance of the chemical industry in Pakistan, focusing environmental, social, and economic (ESE) aspects. The study applied a survey questionnaire approach, and structured questionnaires based on a five-point Likert scale. Data was gathered from 298 respondents of chemical companies listed on the Pakistan security market and was analysed using SMART-PLS through linear regression statistics. The statistical findings proved the significant positive impact of reverse logistics, remanufacturing, and resource efficiency, on the ESE sustainable performance of the chemical sector in Pakistan. Companies' operational managers, practitioners, and decision-makers can consider CSCM practices for optimal utilisation of resources to improve sustainable performance. The study limits the generalisability of results, focusing on specific sectors and cross-sectional studies. Repetitive linear regression shows methodology constraints. The study modifies the resource-based view by indicating that CSCM strategies are valuable for sustainable performance.

Keywords: circular supply chain management; CSCM; reverse logistics; RL; resource efficiency; RE: remanufacturing; RM; sustainable performance; Pakistan.

DOI: 10.1504/IJBPM.2026.154886

International Journal of Business Performance Management, 2026 Vol.27 No.4, pp.409 - 432

Received: 03 Aug 2024
Accepted: 01 Dec 2024
Published online: 17 Jul 2026 *

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Title: Circular supply chain and sustainable performance: evidence from chemical industry in Pakistan

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