Article: Research on compliance of intelligent penalty system of tennis match based on multi-source heterogeneous data fusion Journal: International Journal of Reasoning-based Intelligent Systems (IJRIS) 2026 Vol.18 No.13 pp.23 - 39 Abstract: To address scattered data sources and inconsistent rule interpretation in tennis match officiating, this paper constructs an intelligent officiating system based on multi-source heterogeneous data fusion, with rule compliance as its core contribution rather than mere performance enhancement. The system integrates match video, on-court sensor data, and referee records to support - not replace - human officials by providing evidence-based decision recommendations. Four key metrics evaluate system performance: decision accuracy (agreement with official final calls), consistency rate (agreement with review panel judgements), misjudgement rate (proportion of incorrect in/out calls), and rule conflict rate (deviations from ITF rule interpretations). In sample verification from professional events, the complete fusion model achieved a decision accuracy above 0.96 in hard-court events, a consistency rate of approximately 0.93 with review referees, a misjudgement rate below 0.03, and a rule conflict rate under 0.02. Results demonstrate that prioritising rule-aligned decision-making through multi-source collaboration enhances both penalty stability and regulatory conformity, offering empirical support for compliant intelligent officiating in tennis competitions. Inderscience Publishers - linking academia, business and industry through research

Title: Research on compliance of intelligent penalty system of tennis match based on multi-source heterogeneous data fusion

Authors: Zhuorun Shi

Addresses: College of Humanities and Social Development, Northwest A&F University, Xi'an 610403, China

Abstract: To address scattered data sources and inconsistent rule interpretation in tennis match officiating, this paper constructs an intelligent officiating system based on multi-source heterogeneous data fusion, with rule compliance as its core contribution rather than mere performance enhancement. The system integrates match video, on-court sensor data, and referee records to support - not replace - human officials by providing evidence-based decision recommendations. Four key metrics evaluate system performance: decision accuracy (agreement with official final calls), consistency rate (agreement with review panel judgements), misjudgement rate (proportion of incorrect in/out calls), and rule conflict rate (deviations from ITF rule interpretations). In sample verification from professional events, the complete fusion model achieved a decision accuracy above 0.96 in hard-court events, a consistency rate of approximately 0.93 with review referees, a misjudgement rate below 0.03, and a rule conflict rate under 0.02. Results demonstrate that prioritising rule-aligned decision-making through multi-source collaboration enhances both penalty stability and regulatory conformity, offering empirical support for compliant intelligent officiating in tennis competitions.

Keywords: multi-source heterogeneous data fusion; tennis tournament; intelligent officiating system; rule compliance.

DOI: 10.1504/IJRIS.2026.154055

International Journal of Reasoning-based Intelligent Systems, 2026 Vol.18 No.13, pp.23 - 39

Received: 06 Jan 2026
Accepted: 05 Mar 2026
Published online: 10 Jun 2026 *

Title: Research on compliance of intelligent penalty system of tennis match based on multi-source heterogeneous data fusion

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