Title: Exergy and energy performance analysis of hybrid photovoltaic thermal systems for sustainable energy transition

Authors: Areeba Rahman; Naeem Abas; Muhammad Shoaib Saleem

Addresses: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, Pakistan ' Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, Pakistan ' Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Management and Technology Lahore, Sialkot Campus, Pakistan

Abstract: The rising global energy demand and reliance on fossil fuels intensify climate change, urging renewable integration. This study investigates a hybrid photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) system installed at University of Gujrat, designed and modelled in TRNSYS for semi-arid climate. The system simultaneously generated electricity and thermal energy, with peak electrical output and energy gain in September, and maximum collector efficiency of 43.23% in August. The annual average efficiency was 10.63%. Results confirm the technical viability of PV/T systems as a sustainable solution for combined heat and power generation in regions with high solar insolation.

Keywords: hybrid renewable energy; photovoltaic thermal; PV/T; sustainability; TRNSYS simulation.

DOI: 10.1504/IJEX.2026.153925

International Journal of Exergy, 2026 Vol.50 No.1, pp.1 - 14

Received: 18 Jul 2025
Accepted: 25 Oct 2025
Published online: 08 Jun 2026 *

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