Title: A systematic review on aerodynamics and aero-acoustics of supersonic jets

Authors: Amiruzzahan Mondal; Shashi Kant Verma; Saif Akram

Addresses: Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur (NIT Durgapur), 713209, India ' Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur (NIT Durgapur), 713209, India ' Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur (NIT Durgapur), 713209, India

Abstract: This study presents a comprehensive review of the aerodynamics and aero-acoustics of supersonic jets, with an emphasis on active and passive flow controls that improve mixing effectiveness and noise reduction. The study explores the impact of various control techniques, such as tabs, grooves, and fluid injectors, on noise reduction, shock structures, and jet core dynamics. The impact of Mach numbers, Strouhal numbers, NPRs, overexpanded and under-expanded conditions on jet flow properties is assessed using both experimental and numerical data. The research attempts to provide a coherent knowledge of jet behaviour and its underlying mechanisms by combining data from multiple investigations. By comparing the results of different active and passive flow control techniques, ventilated and delta tabs are found to be the best methods for attaining exceptional performance. The best control technique, which enhances the jet mixing and noise reduction, is identified, and the schematic of the proposed tab is presented.

Keywords: supersonic jet; aero-acoustics; flow control; nozzle pressure ratio; NPR; Mach number.

DOI: 10.1504/PCFD.2026.153730

Progress in Computational Fluid Dynamics, An International Journal, 2026 Vol.26 No.3, pp.137 - 173

Received: 23 Jun 2025
Accepted: 21 Aug 2025
Published online: 22 May 2026 *

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