Title: Analysis of the dynamic simulation model of the carbon dioxide refrigeration system based on digital intelligent control

Authors: Jingying Hao; Zhizhong Wang; Gaoxuan Bu

Addresses: School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, 056038, Hebei, China ' National Engineering Research Center of Fluid Machinery and Compressors, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China ' National Engineering Research Center of Fluid Machinery and Compressors, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China

Abstract: With the widespread application of carbon dioxide refrigeration systems in industrial and commercial fields, system performance optimisation and energy efficiency improvement have become essential research directions. Traditional carbon dioxide refrigeration system models struggle to handle the randomness and uncertainty in system operation effectively. To overcome this problem, this paper proposes a dynamic simulation model of a carbon dioxide refrigeration system based on digital intelligent control. The model simulates the system's dynamic behaviour under various operating conditions by acquiring real-time data and accurately describing system parameters, combined with digital intelligent control technology. The model accurately reflects the thermodynamic characteristics and operational status of the carbon dioxide refrigeration system under different operating conditions, especially in the optimisation of efficiency, energy consumption, and refrigeration performance. The simulation results show significant correlations between the system evaporator and condenser temperatures (0.949634 and 0.959026, respectively), verifying the model's high accuracy in temperature prediction. Through the digital intelligent control mechanism, the model not only enhances the system's adaptability but also provides an essential theoretical basis for optimising the performance of the CO₂ refrigeration system.

Keywords: refrigeration system; simulation model; digital intelligent control; performance evaluation; thermodynamic characteristic; energy conservation; emission reduction.

DOI: 10.1504/IJETP.2026.152988

International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy, 2026 Vol.21 No.1, pp.79 - 99

Received: 14 Jul 2025
Accepted: 24 Nov 2025
Published online: 17 Apr 2026 *

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