Title: Understanding the structural relationships of threats to AI in education

Authors: Samuel C. Villa Jr.

Addresses: Cebu Technological University, Cebu City, Cebu, Philippines

Abstract: The design of education has continuously been developed to further enhance the learning and teaching experience of students and teachers alike. With the emergence of technologies, including Artificial Intelligence (AI), stakeholders scrutinise such technologies to ensure that these perform as desired. One way of understanding AI-based technologies is to explore the structural relationships among threats associated to its implementation. To accomplish this goal, an ISM framework is applied to the threats of AI in education in a state university in the Philippines. Interestingly, key threats that influence the implementation of AI in education point towards the flexibility of the technology to address the interdisciplinary nature of the programs under a specific college. Furthermore, the need to address the digital divide and educational inequity also emerged as a key threat to be addressed. Such results aid the stakeholders in formulating future policies and strategies in understanding the implementation of AI-based technologies.

Keywords: AI in education; interpretive structural modelling; threats; state university.

DOI: 10.1504/IJMIE.2025.149064

International Journal of Management in Education, 2025 Vol.19 No.6, pp.625 - 647

Received: 28 May 2024
Accepted: 23 Dec 2024
Published online: 13 Oct 2025 *

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