Title: Development and validation of a questionnaire for measuring the sustainability factors of quality management systems

Authors: Mohammad FakhrulNizam Mohammad; Rusli Abdullah; Marzanah A. Jabar; Rozi Nor Haizan Nor

Addresses: Malaysian Institute of Aviation Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, 47200 Subang, Selangor, Malaysia ' Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia ' Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia ' Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

Abstract: This study elaborates on the development of a questionnaire as a survey instrument for measuring the sustainability factors of quality management systems. The scope covers the discussion on the content and face validity performed by the experts. The analysis contributes to the existing body of knowledge by utilising the content validity index (CVI), kappa-coefficient and Aiken-V. Validity analysis comprises two stages; the first involves a content validity approach by nine experts using a four-rating scale measurement (relevance level). The second stage requires face validity by lay experts using a five-rating scale measurement (importance level). The preliminary questionnaire consists of three constructs with two categorical questions. The outcome from the content analysis shows that two items were removed from the values and technique constructs, respectively. This paper significantly contributes to guiding other researchers in conducting content and face validity of the preliminary item questionnaire developed within the context of quality management.

Keywords: subject matter expert; online survey; instrument development; quality management systems; sustainability; quantitative approach; practical guide; content validity; face validity; interval scale.

DOI: 10.1504/IJPQM.2025.148467

International Journal of Productivity and Quality Management, 2025 Vol.46 No.1, pp.101 - 130

Received: 04 Nov 2022
Accepted: 03 Aug 2023
Published online: 08 Sep 2025 *

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