Response of tonic lower limb FE model in various real life car-pedestrian impact configurations: a parametric study for standing posture Online publication date: Sat, 11-Jul-2009
by Anurag Soni, Anoop Chawla, Sudipto Mukherjee, Rajesh Malhotra
International Journal of Vehicle Safety (IJVS), Vol. 4, No. 1, 2009
Abstract: This paper investigates the effect of muscle contraction on lower extremity injuries in car-pedestrian lateral impacts. Three variables, viz. height of impact, pedestrian offset with respect to car centre and impact speed, are considered. Full-scale car-pedestrian FE simulations have been performed using the full body pedestrian model with active lower extremities (PMALE) and front structures of a car model. Two pre-impact conditions of a symmetrically standing pedestrian, representing a cadaver and an unaware pedestrian, have been simulated. It is concluded that (1) with muscle contraction risk of ligament failure decreases whereas risk of bone fracture increases; (2) ligament and bone strains are dependent on the impact location; (3) chances of ligament injuries are higher when the impact occurs near the outer corner of the car; (4) risk of bone fracture increases with speed and (5) bone fracture reduces the risk of ligament failure.
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