Title: Avoidance of the energy hole in wireless sensor networks using a layered-based routing tree

Authors: Mohammad Samadi Gharajeh

Addresses: Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran

Abstract: Prolonging the network lifetime is one of the main challenges in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). This paper proposes a layered-based routing tree called LBRT that solves the energy holes in WSNs. It uses several layers in a ring network in a way that each layer is composed of four sectors. The number of nodes in first layer is more than that of in other layers. The nodes construct a cluster at each sector, except sectors of first layer, to transmit the data packets via cluster head (CH) nodes. CH nodes are selected based on their remaining energy and average distance to neighbouring nodes. They receive data packets from non-cluster head (NCH) nodes and forward them toward the sink through CH nodes located at the lower layer. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method surpasses than another routing method in terms of network lifetime, network traffic, system throughput, and delivery time.

Keywords: wireless sensor networks; WSNs; network lifetime; energy hole; ring networks; routing tree; layered-based strategy; multiple sectors; cluster head node; network traffic; system throughput; delivery time; simulation.

DOI: 10.1504/IJSCC.2016.076841

International Journal of Systems, Control and Communications, 2016 Vol.7 No.2, pp.116 - 131

Received: 27 Aug 2015
Accepted: 04 Jan 2016
Published online: 01 Jun 2016 *

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