Title: Meta-analysis of the TQM impact on business performance amongst regions and countries

Authors: M.F. Ahmad; N. Zakuan; J. Ahmad; J. Takala

Addresses: Faculty of Technology Management and Business, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia ' Faculty of Human Resource and Management, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia ' Faculty of Human Resource and Management, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia ' Department of Engineering Science and Industrial Management, University of Vaasa, Wolffintie 34, 65200 Finland

Abstract: Meta-analysis has been conducted based on 20 previous works from 4,040 firms at 16 countries from Asia, Europe and USA. Throughout this paper, the meta-analysis is applied to review the impact of TQM on business performance amongst the regions and countries. The result of meta-analysis shows that the average of regression coefficient (rc) is 0.47; Asia (rc = 0.54), USA (rc = 0.43) and Europe (rc = 0.38). Asia developed countries have the greatest impact of TQM towards business performance (rc = 0.56). ANOVA and t-test have been conducted to test the difference amongst type of country (developed and developing countries) and regions at p = 0.05. However, the result shows that there is no significant difference. In addition, rc2 of each country have been calculated based on rc value and the average result of rc2 is 0.24; Asia (rc2 = 0.33), USA (rc2 = 0.22) and Europe (rc2 = 0.15). Meanwhile, rc2 in developing countries (rc2 = 0.28) are higher than developed countries (rc2 = 0.21).

Keywords: total quality management; TQM impact; business performance; regression coefficient.

DOI: 10.1504/IJISE.2015.069546

International Journal of Industrial and Systems Engineering, 2015 Vol.20 No.2, pp.155 - 164

Published online: 23 May 2015 *

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