Title: Effect of doping on the structural parameters of pure and doped barium titanate nano powders synthesised by sol-gel emulsion technique

Authors: Zubeda Bi H. Aga; Sutapa Roy Ramanan

Addresses: Department of Chemical Engineering, BITS, Pilani – K.K. Birla Goa Campus, Zuarinagar, Goa, India ' Department of Chemical Engineering, BITS, Pilani – K.K. Birla Goa Campus, Zuarinagar, Goa, India

Abstract: Ba_1-xD_xTiO₃, ceramic powders was synthesised using sol-gel-emulsion technique. Structure of the synthesised powders was analysed using X-ray diffractometer from which the lattice parameters were deduced. Effect of doping as a function of atomic radii and the concentration of dopant (D) was studied on these parameters. XRD analysis showed the synthesised material to possess pseudocubic symmetry. Crystallite size of these powders varied between 15.98-40.72 nm. Cell volume shrinkage observed on doping pure BaTiO₃ was noted to be between 0.02-2.27%. Change in % tetragonality for the synthesised powders was 16.62-21.57. The experimental lattice parameter values matched more closely when calculated using the empirical formula devised by Jiang et al. than that using Rick Ubic. The |%error| assuming six-fold coordination for the doped BaTiO₃ powders was between 0.0168% to 0.9314% using the empirical formula devised by Jiang et al. and 0.0296% to 1.0852% using the formula given by Rick Ubic.

Keywords: BaTiO3 nanoparticles; sol-gel emulsion; crystallite size; lattice parameter; crystal structure; tetragonality; pseudocubic symmetry; atomic radii; X-ray diffraction; nanotechnology; doping effect; barium titanate nanopowders; synthesis; ceramic powders.

DOI: 10.1504/IJNP.2014.067614

International Journal of Nanoparticles, 2014 Vol.7 No.3/4, pp.331 - 349

Received: 22 Nov 2013
Accepted: 12 Sep 2014
Published online: 28 Feb 2015 *

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