Title: Exploration of the Kyoto Protocol and Doha Round on decarbonising between high-income OECD and developing countries

Authors: Tantatape Brahmasrene; Jung Wan Lee

Addresses: College of Business, Purdue University Northwest, 1401 S. U.S. 421, Westville, Indiana 46391, USA ' Administrative Sciences Department, Boston University, 808 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA

Abstract: A model is developed to bolster the developing countries argument that increasing carbon dioxide emissions levels is created by industrialised countries and it is unfair to place the same burdens on developing countries. FMOLS model is employed to examine the relationship and its elasticity between economic growth, international trade, industrialisation, agriculture, urbanisation, and carbon emissions levels. The results support a link between economic growth, exports, industrialisation, agriculture, urbanisation and carbon dioxide emissions for both industrialised countries and developing countries. This study also reveals a positive impact of urbanisation and negative effect of international trade on carbon dioxide emissions in high income OECD, and developing countries. In addition, a positive effect of industrialisation and a negative relationship of agriculture occur in developing countries. Further exploration of the Kyoto Protocol in 1997 indicates no significant effect for high income OECD countries, but significant negative impact appears among developing countries.

Keywords: carbon emissions; economic growth; international trade; industrialisation; agriculture; urbanisation; developing countries; industrialised countries.

DOI: 10.1504/IJGE.2018.097875

International Journal of Green Economics, 2018 Vol.12 No.3/4, pp.322 - 344

Received: 05 Oct 2018
Accepted: 27 Nov 2018

Published online: 20 Feb 2019 *

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