Article: The emergence of biosphere entrepreneurship: are social and business entrepreneurship obsolete? Journal: International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business (IJESB) 2018 Vol.34 No.3 pp.381 - 419 Abstract: This article combines entrepreneurship, economics and sustainability to build a new theory of biosphere entrepreneurship. Going beyond business and social entrepreneurship, which add value to economic and social spheres, respectively, biosphere entrepreneurship adds value to the biosphere. The purpose of this article is to define biosphere entrepreneurship, and to devise and extend mental models (frameworks) relating entrepreneurship and climate change in order to facilitate theory building. Using images and visual depictions, the article elaborates a series of illustrative candidate frameworks that suggest a theoretical model of biosphere entrepreneurship. The article aims to show how the Earth, humanity, and the economy are connected through negative and positive entrepreneurship. It extends extant frameworks from the fields of financial and capital, entrepreneurial allocation, risk and survival, value and disvalue creation, growth and de-growth, socio-cultural frameworks, and entrepreneurial opportunity in order to substantiate the existence of entrepreneurial activity that adds value to Earth. The article concludes with implications for entrepreneurship education. What should educators be doing to help our young entrepreneurs come to grips with existential and catastrophic risks to the planet? (Includes 11 colour figures) Inderscience Publishers - linking academia, business and industry through research

Title: The emergence of biosphere entrepreneurship: are social and business entrepreneurship obsolete?

Authors: Howard H. Frederick

Addresses: Tecnológico de Monterrey, Puebla, Mexico; Plymouth State University, 17 High Street, MSC 27, Plymouth, New Hampshire, 03264, USA

Abstract: This article combines entrepreneurship, economics and sustainability to build a new theory of biosphere entrepreneurship. Going beyond business and social entrepreneurship, which add value to economic and social spheres, respectively, biosphere entrepreneurship adds value to the biosphere. The purpose of this article is to define biosphere entrepreneurship, and to devise and extend mental models (frameworks) relating entrepreneurship and climate change in order to facilitate theory building. Using images and visual depictions, the article elaborates a series of illustrative candidate frameworks that suggest a theoretical model of biosphere entrepreneurship. The article aims to show how the Earth, humanity, and the economy are connected through negative and positive entrepreneurship. It extends extant frameworks from the fields of financial and capital, entrepreneurial allocation, risk and survival, value and disvalue creation, growth and de-growth, socio-cultural frameworks, and entrepreneurial opportunity in order to substantiate the existence of entrepreneurial activity that adds value to Earth. The article concludes with implications for entrepreneurship education. What should educators be doing to help our young entrepreneurs come to grips with existential and catastrophic risks to the planet? (Includes 11 colour figures)

Keywords: value creation; opportunity recognition; entrepreneurship; development; biosphere; social entrepreneurship; business entrepreneurship; climate change; sustainable development; economic growth; small business.

DOI: 10.1504/IJESB.2018.092785

International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 2018 Vol.34 No.3, pp.381 - 419

Received: 11 Aug 2017
Accepted: 24 Aug 2017
Published online: 29 Jun 2018 *

Title: The emergence of biosphere entrepreneurship: are social and business entrepreneurship obsolete?

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