Title: A one-hop information based geographic routing protocol for delay tolerant MANETs

Authors: Lei You; Jianbo Li; Changjiang Wei; Chenqu Dai

Addresses: Information Engineering College, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China ' Information Engineering College, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China ' Information Engineering College, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China ' Information Engineering College, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China

Abstract: Delay and disruption tolerant networks (DTNs) may lack continuous network connectivity. Routing in DTNs is thus a challenge since it must handle network partitioning, long delays, and dynamic topology. Meanwhile, routing protocols of the traditional mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) cannot work well due to the failure of its assumption that most network connections are available. In this paper, a geographic routing protocol is proposed for MANETs in delay tolerant situations, by using no more than one-hop information. A utility function is designed for implementing the under-controlled replication strategy. To reduce the overheads caused by message flooding, we employ a criterion so as to evaluate the degree of message redundancy. Consequently a message redundancy coping mechanism is added to our routing protocol. Extensive simulations have been conducted and the results show that when node moving speed is relatively low, our routing protocol outperforms the other schemes such as Epidemic, Spray and Wait, FirstContact in delivery ratio and average hop count, while introducing an acceptable overhead ratio into the network.

Keywords: geographic routing; routing protocols; DTNs; delay tolerant networks; mobile ad hoc networks; one-hop information; MANETs; message flooding; message redundancy; simulation; delivery ratio; average hop count; overhead ratio.

DOI: 10.1504/IJAHUC.2015.071695

International Journal of Ad Hoc and Ubiquitous Computing, 2015 Vol.20 No.2, pp.107 - 122

Received: 14 May 2013
Accepted: 24 Dec 2013
Published online: 15 Sep 2015 *

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