Title: Distribution, fraction and risk assessment of vanadium in surface sediments from a Chinese karstic lake: a case study of Hongfeng Lake

Authors: Liya Fu; Jiwei Hu; Linfeng Tian; Xianfei Huang; Jin Luo; Lingyun Li

Addresses: Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Information Systems of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China ' Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Information Systems of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China ' Shizuishan Environmental Monitoring Station, Shizuishan, Ningxia, 753000, China ' Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Information Systems of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China ' Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Information Systems of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China ' Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Information Systems of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China

Abstract: The distribution characteristics of vanadium and its fraction based on the Tessier sequential extraction method were studied in surface sediment samples collected from Hongfeng Lake. The results of this study indicated that the total amount of vanadium in the sediment samples ranged from 124.0 to 213.0 mg/kg. The average percentages of exchangeable, bound to carbonates, bound to Fe-Mn oxides, bound to organic matter and residual were 2.79, 2.75, 30.40, 2.89 and 59.32, respectively. The concentrations of the different vanadium fractions decreased in the order of residual > bound to Fe-Mn oxides > bound to organic matter > exchangeable ≈ bound to carbonates. Furthermore, assessment using the enrichment factors (EF), the ratio of secondary to primary phase (RSP) and the secondary phases enrichment factor (SPEF) methods showed that the risk of vanadium in sediments especially from sites TLHJC and TX from Hongfeng Lake was generally high.

Keywords: vanadium fractions; karst; risk assessment; surface sediments; China; karstic lakes; trace metals; water pollution.

DOI: 10.1504/IJEP.2014.067674

International Journal of Environment and Pollution, 2014 Vol.56 No.1/2/3/4, pp.28 - 47

Received: 17 Aug 2013
Accepted: 23 May 2014

Published online: 07 Mar 2015 *

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