Title: Environmental policy relating to domestic laundry in the European Union

Authors: G.K. Morse, R. Perry, J.N. Lester

Addresses: Environmental and Water Resource Engineering Section, Department of Civil Engineering, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London SW7 2BU, UK. ' Environmental and Water Resource Engineering Section, Department of Civil Engineering, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London SW7 2BU, UK. ' Environmental and Water Resource Engineering Section, Department of Civil Engineering, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London SW7 2BU, UK

Abstract: Environmental policy relating to consumer markets usually focuses on the impact of products. However, it may be possible to develop more effective policies by focusing more broadly on consumer activities for which a range of products may be used. This study evaluates the total environmental impact of domestic laundering in the European Union (EU), assessing the relative impact of textiles, washing machines, energy, water and detergents, and considering their influence on each other. It is concluded that, in relation to the total environment, only a minor contribution can be made by policies targeted at laundry-related products. However, the most effective policy initiatives should be based on use minimisation, the use of more efficient washing machines, optimum use of detergents, and effective implementation of the Urban Wastewater Directive. This emphasis contrasts with the historical focus on detergent ingredients.

Keywords: eco-labelling; EU environmental policy; environmental impact; European Union; domestic laundry; domestic laundering; textiles; washing machines; energy; water; detergents; Urban Wastewater Directive.

DOI: 10.1504/IJEP.1994.028355

International Journal of Environment and Pollution, 1994 Vol.4 No.3/4, pp.199 - 213

Published online: 17 Sep 2009 *

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