Title: The role of SP100 in tumour immune microenvironment and prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Authors: Mengmeng Zhang; Yu Bai; Shengli Han; Jun Shu

Addresses: Center for Cleft Lip and Palate Treatment, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Ba-da-chu, Beijing 100144, China ' Department of Blood Transfusion, Aerospace Central Hospital, No. 15 Yu Quan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100049, China ' Center for Anti-Aging Research, Beijing Zhongjiankehui International Medical Research Institute, Beijing, China ' Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China

Abstract: This study aims to investigate the role and prognostic value of SP100 in the tumour immune microenvironment of HNSCC. A comprehensive bioinformatics analysis was conducted. We first investigated the expression and overall survival (OS) of SP100 in pan-cancers, then, the relationship between tumour immune microenvironment of SP100 in HNSCC was analysed, the SP100-related genes were identified, and finally, a new gene signature was established. SP100 revealed differential expression, correlated with OS in various cancer types, and showed positive associations with immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoints. KEGG analysis showed a focus on 'antigen processing and presentation' and 'natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity'. Key SP100-related genes are SP110, MT2A, and CAV1. High SP100 expression negatively correlated with prognosis and positively associated with tumour immune infiltration in HNSCC. Thus, SP100 may be served as a new prognostic biomarker as well as a new target for immune therapy in HNSCC.

Keywords: head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; HNSCC; SP100; tumour immune infiltration; gene signature; prognosis.

DOI: 10.1504/IJDMB.2026.150972

International Journal of Data Mining and Bioinformatics, 2026 Vol.30 No.1/2, pp.165 - 177

Received: 30 Nov 2023
Accepted: 06 Nov 2024
Published online: 06 Jan 2026 *

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