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Title: Roof garden plant selection and ecological application: comprehensive strategies to deal with environmental pollution

Authors: Rui Guo; Zechen Xiao

Addresses: College of Landscape Architecture, Hunan Polytechnic of Environment and Biology, Hengyang, 421005, Hunan, China ' College of Landscape Architecture, Hunan Polytechnic of Environment and Biology, Hengyang, 421005, Hunan, China

Abstract: This paper adopts a collaborative optimisation scheme based on functional plant community construction and intelligent response system. This paper first selects local plant combinations to construct a 'multi-layered, multi-objective' plant community, and then deploys temperature, humidity, PM2.5, nitrogen oxides (NOx) and light intensity sensors in the roof garden. Then, this paper uses sensor feedback and fuzzy control algorithms to trigger precise irrigation and ventilation equipment to optimise the plant microenvironment and pollutant diffusion paths, and finally develops a lightweight matrix layer containing activated carbon and vermiculite. Experimental results show that in the environmental chamber, the functional plant community removed PM2.5 and NOx at rates of 42.5 μg/m²/h¹ and 15.6 μg/m²/h¹, respectively, demonstrating high removal efficiency for complex pollutants. In terms of response delay and energy efficiency, the fuzzy control algorithm achieved the lowest median delay (0.9 s) and the lowest energy consumption (6.28 kWh/m²).

Keywords: environmental pollution; roof garden; plant selection; ecological application; intelligent response system.

DOI: 10.1504/IJEP.2025.150943

International Journal of Environment and Pollution, 2025 Vol.75 No.4, pp.338 - 360

Received: 23 Apr 2025
Accepted: 24 Oct 2025
Published online: 05 Jan 2026 *