Title: A path optimisation method based on dynamic clustering strategy and non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II in wireless sensor networks

Authors: Liying Zhao; Jin Zhu; Chao Liu; Yu Wang; Sinan Shi; Chao Lu; Qi Luan

Addresses: School of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Changchun Institute of Technology, Changchun City 130000, China ' School of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Changchun Institute of Technology, Changchun City 130000, China ' School of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Changchun Institute of Technology, Changchun City 130000, China ' School of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Changchun Institute of Technology, Changchun City 130000, China ' School of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Changchun Institute of Technology, Changchun City 130000, China ' School of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Changchun Institute of Technology, Changchun City 130000, China ' School of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Changchun Institute of Technology, Changchun City 130000, China

Abstract: Traditional wireless sensor network data transmission path selection often focuses on single- objective optimisation, resulting in unbalanced node load and insufficient path reliability. This study proposes a routing optimisation method that combines dynamic clustering strategy with non- dominated sorting genetic algorithm II. MiniBatchKMeans is used to divide network nodes into clusters of different scales, and cluster heads are elected by comprehensively evaluating node residual energy, distance to cluster centre and historical load. The algorithm generates Pareto optimal paths with objectives of minimising energy consumption and transmission delay and maximising signal strength. Simulation results show that the proposed method extends network lifetime by 12.2%, increases total data throughput by 21.1%, and improves load-balancing performance.

Keywords: clustering strategy; non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II; NSGA-II; path optimisation; wireless sensor network; WSN.

DOI: 10.1504/IJSNET.2025.149126

International Journal of Sensor Networks, 2025 Vol.49 No.2, pp.81 - 96

Published online: 14 Oct 2025 *

Full-text access for editors Full-text access for subscribers Purchase this article Comment on this article