Title: Investigation on cost effective smart construction techniques for quality monitoring and risk management in small scale construction sites in India

Authors: Ganeshprabhu Parvathikumar; Brintha Sahadevan; Deepa Sree Pandiaraj; Marshal Raj

Addresses: Department of Civil Engineering, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, India ' Department of Civil Engineering, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, India ' Department of Civil Engineering, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, India ' Indian Computer Emergency Response Team, India

Abstract: The challenges and risks involved in construction sites varies depending upon the building size, economy, materials used, tools or equipment's availability for safety measures, height, and geographical location. In this work, smart construction techniques are implemented and investigated for risk management and quality monitoring in a cost-effective manner in a small-scale construction site in India. The proposed work focuses on the general hazards and the risks faced by engineers in such sites. To mitigate the challenges, cost effective and reusable smart solutions set up is implemented and validated in a real-time small construction site. The smart solution setup provided support to the construction site engineers to predict the damages in the Scaffolds and Formwork, and testing the quality of concrete, verticality check, surface levelling and formwork deflection. The proposed solutions can be used to improve building critical infrastructures in a cost-effective manner especially in middle- and lower-income economies.

Keywords: formwork; labour safety; quality monitoring; risk management; scaffoldings; smart construction; India.

DOI: 10.1504/IJCIS.2025.149110

International Journal of Critical Infrastructures, 2025 Vol.21 No.5, pp.455 - 469

Received: 31 Aug 2023
Accepted: 12 Jan 2024
Published online: 14 Oct 2025 *

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