Title: Blockchain enabled vehicle NFT and key management for IoV networks in fog computing environment

Authors: Brijesh Kumar Chaurasia; Vinay Rishiwal; Mano Yadav; Man Mohan Shukla; Preeti Yadav

Addresses: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Kanpur, UP, India ' Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, MJP Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, UP, India ' Department of Computer Science, Bareilly College, Bareilly, UP, India ' Department of Computer Applications, Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Kanpur, UP, India ' Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, MJP Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, UP, India

Abstract: In the internet of vehicles networks (IoV-N), vehicles exchange messages to improve traffic efficiency using fog and edge computing. Vehicles may make decisions based on exchanged messages in IoV-N. Therefore, security and key management in the IoV-N are the primary concerns. In this paper, key management for social IoV-N using blockchain is presented. This work also utilises non-fungible tokens (NFTs) and interplanetary file systems (IPFS) to store and secure records such as keys, issuer identities, etc. on behalf of trusted static authorities such as the city-level transport authority (CTA). The paper also introduced bilinear pairing for key generation and secure exchange in the IoV-N. CTA makes up the key generation process at the fog layer to reduce latency, and the blockchain is stored in a data server at the cloud layer. Extensive simulation and results show that key management for social IoV-N is a secure, fast, and viable solution.

Keywords: blockchain; internet of vehicles; IoV; fog computing; cloud computing; non-fungible tokens; NFTs; interplanetary file system; IPFS.

DOI: 10.1504/IJAHUC.2025.147562

International Journal of Ad Hoc and Ubiquitous Computing, 2025 Vol.49 No.3, pp.202 - 213

Received: 01 Jul 2024
Accepted: 23 Dec 2024
Published online: 21 Jul 2025 *

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