Title: A systematic review of the secondary market aspects of electrified vehicles

Authors: Bettina Arnegger; Michael Hoffmann; Rohinton Emmanuel; Craig Thomson; Colin Hughes

Addresses: Department of Civil Engineering and Environmental Management, School of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, Scotland ' Division E-Mobility, ZF Friedrichshafen AG, Friedrichshafen, Germany ' The BEAM Research Centre, Department of Civil Engineering and Environmental Management, School of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, Scotland ' School of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University Glasgow, Scotland ' Department of Civil Engineering and Environmental Management, School of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, Scotland

Abstract: In response to the market shift towards electric mobility, this paper presents a systematic literature review of the secondary market aspects of electrified vehicles. Following PRISMA guidelines, a search across 11 databases yielded 4,120 records. After removing duplicates, 4,006 unique articles were screened, with 14 assessed in full text. Including additional grey literature, 12 contributions were included in the final sample. This research organises the aspects of the secondary market by categorising them according to the market forces concept. Key issues impacting consumers include resale value, range anxiety, and confidence in refurbished EVs. For trade and industry, it highlights the critical role of battery state-of-health and Tesla's direct-to-consumer model. For government behaviour, it discusses import/ export challenges and emphasises robust end-of-life management. It also explores the role of public procurement in adding used EVs to the market. This paper provides a foundational reference for future research and framing of the secondary EV market.

Keywords: EV; electric vehicle; secondary market; second-hand EV.

DOI: 10.1504/IJATM.2025.147460

International Journal of Automotive Technology and Management, 2025 Vol.25 No.1, pp.1 - 15

Received: 10 Aug 2024
Accepted: 03 Dec 2024
Published online: 16 Jul 2025 *

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