Title: Energy technology efficiency influence on energy poverty and energy justice in West African households

Authors: Evrard Karol Ekouédjen; Safiou Bouraima; Gaston Ganhoun; Latif Adéniyi Fagbemi

Addresses: Unité de Recherche en Valorisation Energétique de la Biomasse, Laboratoire d'Energétique et de Mécanique Appliquée (LEMA) de l'Ecole Polytechnique d'Abomey-Calavi, Université d' Abomey-Calavi, West Africa, Benin, Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin; Sustainable and Fair World ONG, Cotonou, Benin ' Unité de Recherche en Valorisation Energétique de la Biomasse, Laboratoire d'Energétique et de Mécanique Appliquée (LEMA) de l'Ecole Polytechnique d'Abomey-Calavi, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, West Africa, Benin, Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin ' Unité de Recherche en Valorisation Energétique de la Biomasse, Laboratoire d'Energétique et de Mécanique Appliquée (LEMA) de l'Ecole Polytechnique d'Abomey-Calavi, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, West Africa, Benin, Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin ' Unité de Recherche en Valorisation Energétique de la Biomasse, Laboratoire d'Energétique et de Mécanique Appliquée (LEMA) de l'Ecole Polytechnique d'Abomey-Calavi, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, West Africa, Benin, Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin; Sustainable and Fair World ONG, Cotonou, Benin

Abstract: This paper presents a new indicator which measure energy poverty (as energy justice component) called Modified Energy Poverty Index (MOEPI). It is a composite index and developed based on United Nations Human Development Index (HDI) methodology. MOEPI defines energy poverty as three dimensions conjunction: excessive energy inconvenience, energy deficit and equipment energy (in)efficiency. It captures energy deficit effect on education and include energy acquisition cost in energy inconvenience assessment. MOEPI is implemented on a sample of 640 households in Benin. Results showed 65.15% energy poor households surveyed. Energy poor are divided into three sub-groups, slightly energy poor (6%), moderate energy poor (53%) and severe energy poor (41%). Energy deficit and equipment energy inefficiency are the main dimensions responsible for household energy poverty. An improvement in equipment energy efficiency resulted in a 32.02% decrease in the number of energy poor households.

Keywords: energy efficiency; energy poverty; energy justice; index; energy deficit; energy inconvenience.

DOI: 10.1504/IJGEI.2025.143355

International Journal of Global Energy Issues, 2025 Vol.47 No.1/2, pp.88 - 126

Accepted: 18 Dec 2023
Published online: 16 Dec 2024 *