Title: A comparison study of passive, active, and semi-active suspension systems

Authors: Ufuk Demircioğlu; Mutlu Tarık Çakır

Addresses: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sivas University of Science and Technology, Sivas, Turkey ' Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sivas University of Science and Technology, Sivas, Turkey

Abstract: This study presents the performance of active and semi-active suspension systems by comparing them to the passive system. Firstly, a mathematical model of a quarter vehicle for passive, active, and semi-active systems was obtained by using the D'Alemberts principle. Later on, controllers are designed for active and semi-active suspension systems. For active systems, PID and LQR controller is designed, and for semi-active systems skyhook control algorithm is designed. The simulation was run by using MATLAB/Simulink under different road conditions. RMS values of body vertical motions were obtained to evaluate the performance of controllers. It was found that under bump road excitation RMS values of displacement of a passive system, LQR, PID, and semi-active controllers are found to be 0.0101, 0.0053, 0.0036, and 0.0035 respectively. It was observed that under bump road semi-active control gave the best result. When D grade road is considered, RMS values of displacement of the passive system, LQR, PID, and semi-active controllers are found to be 0.0111, 0.0078, 0.0061, and 0.0093 respectively. Under D-grade road conditions, the active controller gave the best response. Under bump road conditions LQR, PID, and semi-active systems improved body vertical displacement by 90.56, 180.55, and 188.5% respectively to passive systems.

Keywords: vibration control; active control; semi-active control; quarter car.

DOI: 10.1504/IJVNV.2024.142742

International Journal of Vehicle Noise and Vibration, 2024 Vol.20 No.2, pp.107 - 118

Received: 08 Nov 2023
Accepted: 30 Mar 2024
Published online: 20 Nov 2024 *

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