Title: How varying population ageing, urbanisation, and institutional quality affect carbon dioxide emissions in South Asia: macro-level evidence

Authors: Musarat Abbas; Ling Yang; Michael L. Lahr

Addresses: School of Economics and Finance, Xian Jiaotong University, Shaanxi Province, China ' School of Economics and Finance, Xian Jiaotong University, Shaanxi Province, China ' Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, Rutgers the State University of New Jersey, New Jersey, NJ 08901, USA

Abstract: Rising carbon dioxide emissions in South Asia are a long-run challenge. Over the last two decades, population ageing, and urbanisation have also been rising, further stimulating carbon dioxide emissions. Meanwhile, institutions are increasingly involved in efforts to mitigate environmental degradation. The extent to which these factors affect carbon emissions is not fully understood, particularly within South Asia. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of population ageing, urbanisation, and the institutional quality on per capita carbon emissions in South Asia from 1996 to 2019 based on theoretical background and empirical analysis. The results of the study come through CS-ARDL uncovered that population ageing and urbanisation has both induced carbon emissions in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Institutional quality, however, has reduced carbon emissions across the region. Furthermore, we applied CCE-MG as a robust panel estimation technique to verify our results.

Keywords: population ageing; urbanisation; institutional quality; carbon emissions; South Asia.

DOI: 10.1504/IJGE.2023.137698

International Journal of Green Economics, 2023 Vol.17 No.4, pp.361 - 383

Received: 20 Jul 2023
Accepted: 22 Nov 2023
Published online: 02 Apr 2024 *

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