Title: Using human anatomy and physiology to explain business organisation effectiveness

Authors: Emmanuel Osafo

Addresses: Washington State University-Extension, Benton-Franklin Counties, 404 W Clark Street, Pasco, WA 99301, USA

Abstract: This article seeks to provide business and management professionals the impetus to approach leadership, organisation, and business strategy development efforts from systems theory perspective using the theories of anatomy and physiology. The cephalocaudal principle which emphasises the need for the human body to gain control of the head first, during the human development process, will be highlighted in the concluding session. Similar to the functioning of the head in the human development process, improved performance in organisations require functional leadership to inspire growth and development. Thus, to obtain optimum outcomes from available resources, organisations are encouraged to commence their strategic planning and organisational development efforts with effective leadership development. Indisputably, progressive leadership strives to adjust to both the internal and external prevailing business environment to ensure survival and remain relevant and competitive. Effective organisations function very similar to healthy human beings.

Keywords: leadership; systems theory; organisational systems; organisational effectiveness; human anatomy; physiology.

DOI: 10.1504/IJBSR.2022.121139

International Journal of Business and Systems Research, 2022 Vol.16 No.2, pp.259 - 276

Received: 10 Dec 2019
Accepted: 03 Apr 2020

Published online: 28 Feb 2022 *

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