Title: Intrusion detection through SCADA systems using fuzzy logic-based state estimation methods

Authors: Keith E. Holbert, Amitabh Mishra, Lamine Mili

Addresses: Department of Electrical Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287–5706, USA. ' Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA. ' Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Alexandria Research Institute, Alexandria, VA 22314, USA

Abstract: Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems represent a vulnerability in vital infrastructures. For example, an electric power system is subjected to intrusions via its SCADA systems; however, the instrumentation provides detectable variations in response to such interference. Presented herein is a strategy that augments state estimation methods using a Hybrid Fuzzy System for fault monitoring and diagnosis that aims to combine information from multiple domains in order to detect, isolate, identify, and mitigate threats to the system. Furthermore, to endow the state estimation solution methods with some degree of numerical robustness, algorithm-based error detection (ABED) is applied to the Gaussian elimination procedure. Simulation results revealed that ABED provides error detection at low costs and excellent error coverage for floating point arithmetic in the presence of permanent bit and word errors while being free of false alarms and insensitive to both data range and data size.

Keywords: algorithm based error detection; ABED; algorithm based fault tolerance; ABFT; fuzzy logic; instrumentation fault characterisation; sensor anomaly detection; critical infrastructures; electricity infrastructures; supervisory control systems; data acquisition systems; SCADA; EPNES; error detection; efficiency; security.

DOI: 10.1504/IJCIS.2007.011545

International Journal of Critical Infrastructures, 2007 Vol.3 No.1/2, pp.58 - 87

Published online: 01 Dec 2006 *

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