Title: Energy balanced, delay aware multi-path routing using particle swarm optimisation in wireless sensor networks

Authors: Priti Maratha; Kapil Gupta; Pratyay Kuila

Addresses: Department of Computer Applications, National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra, 136119, India ' Department of Computer Applications, National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra, 136119, India ' Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Sikkim, South Sikkim, 737139, India

Abstract: World-wide use of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has urged the need for energy-efficient, distributed routing algorithms. The interest of researchers from the past decade is in energy-efficient routing. In this paper, sequential quadratic programming (SQP) based multi-path routing formulation focusing on improving lifetime and delay is represented, namely EBDA-DEFL. This SQP based formulation is solved using the optimisation tool after that same formulation is solved using particle swarm optimisation (PSO). Also, a quota strategy for traffic load distribution is also introduced to mitigate the negative effects of multi-path routing. The proposed work is experimented and compared with existing algorithms to analyse its quality over previous work. Comparison has been done in terms of first node death, half node death, last node death, delay, and time consumed by Fminimax and PSO. Simulation results confirm the supremacy of proposed work over the existing ones.

Keywords: WSNs; wireless sensor networks; residual energy; network lifetime; delay; load; PSO; particle swarm optimisation; multi-path routing.

DOI: 10.1504/IJSNET.2021.112885

International Journal of Sensor Networks, 2021 Vol.35 No.1, pp.10 - 22

Received: 18 Jan 2020
Accepted: 24 Apr 2020
Published online: 08 Feb 2021 *

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