Title: A comparative study of the effect of node distributions on 2D and 3D heterogeneous WSN

Authors: Yousef Jaradat; Mohammad Masoud; Saleh Al-Jazzar

Addresses: Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Communications and Computer Engineering Department, AL-Zaytoonah University of Jordan Amman, P.O. Box 130, Amman, 11733, Jordan ' Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Communications and Computer Engineering Department, AL-Zaytoonah University of Jordan Amman, P.O. Box 130, Amman, 11733, Jordan ' Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Communications and Computer Engineering Department, AL-Zaytoonah University of Jordan Amman, P.O. Box 130, Amman, 11733, Jordan

Abstract: Two comparative studies of the impact of different node deployment strategies on 2D and 3D heterogeneous wireless sensor network (WSN) are conducted. Uniform, normal, and exponential node deployment distributions are utilised. Three 3D network geometries are introduced, namely, cube, sphere, and cylinder networks. Stable election protocol (SEP) is used to evaluate the performance of different node distributions in terms of network energy, throughput, stability period and network lifetime. Broadly speaking, it is noticed that normal distribution of nodes outperforms other distributions in the 2D and 3D comparative study, and in the study of different 3D network geometries with the exception of sphere network in which the uniform distribution performs almost the same as the normal distribution. It is also noticed that any node distribution performs better in a particular 3D network geometry than others. The paper also introduces the optimal cylinder network parameters for optimal network performance.

Keywords: 3D WSN; SEP; stable election protocol; maximum likelihood estimation; performance analysis; node distributions; comparative study.

DOI: 10.1504/IJSNET.2020.109187

International Journal of Sensor Networks, 2020 Vol.33 No.4, pp.202 - 210

Received: 02 Jan 2020
Accepted: 21 Jan 2020
Published online: 01 Sep 2020 *

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