Title: Relay node deployment for wireless sensor networks using evolutionary multi-objective algorithm

Authors: Qiang Wang; Hai-Lin Liu; Fangqing Gu

Addresses: Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Complex System Optimization and Big Data Processing; School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, Guangxi, 537000, China ' Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510520, China ' Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510520, China

Abstract: In this paper, we study the relay node placement problem of, given a deployment of sensor nodes, finding the minimum number of relay nodes to increase the lifetime and reduce the deployment costs of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) simultaneously. In particular, we use the average remaining energy of the relay nodes to express the lifetimes of the WSNs. Due to the conflict of the average remaining time and deployment costs of relay nodes, we first formulate the relay node placement problem as a multi-objective optimisation problem, which is difficult to address using traditional methods. Based on this, a novel evolutionary multi-objective algorithm is presented to solve the problem. Furthermore, a local search method is presented to improve the convergence of the algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed relay node placement scheme can efficiently reduce the cost and increase the lifetime.

Keywords: cost; relay node placement; connectivity; lifetime; WSNs; wireless sensor networks; evolutionary algorithm.

DOI: 10.1504/IJSNET.2019.103046

International Journal of Sensor Networks, 2019 Vol.31 No.3, pp.189 - 197

Received: 07 Jun 2019
Accepted: 10 Jun 2019
Published online: 14 Oct 2019 *

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