Title: Development and implementation of an axial dynamic loading device for accelerated bone healing

Authors: Sujan Krishna Samanta; Rajib Gupta; Nafisa Islam; Raima Mullick; Rajashree Dhua; Akshay Kumar Pramanick; Sourav Debnath

Addresses: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Netaji Subhash Engineering College, Techno City Garia, Kolkata – 700152, India ' Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata – 700032, India ' Department of Biomedical Engineering, Netaji Subhash Engineering College, Techno City Garia, Kolkata – 700152, India ' Department of Biomedical Engineering, Netaji Subhash Engineering College, Techno City Garia, Kolkata – 700152, India ' Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Swami Vivekananda Inst. of Science and Technology, Kolkata – 700145, India ' Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata – 700032, India ' Electrical Engineering Department, Brainware University, Kolkata – 700125, India

Abstract: This study aimed to develop a vibrating instrument to apply axial dynamic loading during wound healing with titanium-doped beta-tricalcium phosphate (Ti-β-TCP) implants. Healing outcomes were compared in rabbits using clinical, radiographic, histological, oxytetracycline labelling, micro-CT, and SEM analyses. Bone defects were created in the femoral condyle of three animal groups: unfilled controls (Group I), Ti-β-TCP implants without loading (Group II), and Ti-β-TCP implants with dynamic loading (Group III). Over two months, no acute inflammatory reactions were observed. Implant degradation indicated new bone formation, most pronounced in Group III. Histology showed improved bony structures with Haversian canals and satisfactory tissue regeneration in loaded implants. Oxytetracycline labelling confirmed higher new bone deposition in Group III. Micro-CT showed enhanced bone regeneration via implant degradation, and SEM revealed nearly bridged bone-implant interfaces in loaded samples. Overall, dynamic loading improved bone healing and implant integration compared to static conditions.

Keywords: dynamic loading; bone regeneration; micro CT; oxytetracycline; histology.

DOI: 10.1504/IJBET.2026.151413

International Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, 2026 Vol.50 No.1, pp.1 - 17

Received: 27 Apr 2025
Accepted: 10 Aug 2025
Published online: 28 Jan 2026 *

Full-text access for editors Full-text access for subscribers Purchase this article Comment on this article