Title: Utilising IoT and GIS intelligent systems to enhance the accuracy of ecological environment monitoring

Authors: Chengzhi Li

Addresses: College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology Ministry of Education, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China; Xinjiang Jinghe Observation and Research Station of Temperate Desert Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Jinghe 833300, Xinjiang, China

Abstract: This paper applies internet of things (IoT) technology to ecological environment monitoring and uses geographic information system (GIS) to perform spatial analysis and visualisation of data to improve the accuracy and efficiency of environmental monitoring. This paper takes Chengdu as the research object and deploys multiple wireless sensor collection points in the area. These collection points consist of super nodes and ordinary nodes, and are widely distributed in core ecological areas such as forests, wetlands, and rivers. At the same time, this paper uses the inverse distance weighted interpolation method to process the data to generate a continuous and detailed environmental data distribution map and improve the updating frequency of monitoring data. Experiments show that compared with traditional manual monitoring methods, the combination of IoT + GIS technology has significant advantages in monitoring accuracy, coverage density, data collection frequency, etc., with moderate cost and high flexibility.

Keywords: internet of things; IoT; geographic information system; GIS; ecological environment; inverse distance weighting; IDW; spatial interpolation technology; kriging interpolation.

DOI: 10.1504/IJESD.2025.150731

International Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development, 2025 Vol.24 No.4, pp.345 - 363

Received: 23 Jan 2025
Accepted: 05 Sep 2025
Published online: 22 Dec 2025 *

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