Title: Analysing the critical success factors that lead virtual human resource management in an organisation: interpretative structural modelling

Authors: Ajith Kumar Shah; Arjun Yadav; Akanksha Shukla

Addresses: Department of Humanities, Social Science and Management, National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur, Jamshedpur, India ' Department of Commerce, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India ' Department of Humanities, Social Science and Management, National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur, Jamshedpur, India

Abstract: In the COVID and post-COVID era, virtual HRM, also known as electronic HRM, plays a crucial role in helping businesses to manage their workforces regardless of their physical location. Remote workers, international teams, and businesses with a scattered workforce may find virtual HRM to be very helpful. It has been noted that organisations are having difficulty integrating virtual HRM; therefore, this research work uses interpretative structural modelling (ISM) to analyse the variables that lead to the implementation of virtual HRM in organisations. The variables that contribute to virtual HRM have been identified and the ISM and MICMAC have been used to develop relationships and group variables as dependent and independent. Nine variables are identified in this study. For the adoption of virtual HRM in organisations, the virtual team is discovered to be the most significant aspect, while e-job design and job analysis are determined to be the least important factors.

Keywords: virtual HRM; virtual teams; e-job design; e-human resource planning; interpretative structural modelling; ISM; MICMAC.

DOI: 10.1504/IJEB.2025.149133

International Journal of Electronic Business, 2025 Vol.20 No.4, pp.472 - 491

Received: 19 Jan 2024
Accepted: 30 Jul 2024
Published online: 15 Oct 2025 *

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